Publications

BDI along with colleagues in the field of diabetes health and mental well being are continuously working on research projects to further improve the lives of people living with diabetes worldwide.

Quality of Life and Humanistic Burden of Adults with Type 1 Diabetes with Recurrent Severe Hypoglycemic Events and Impaired Awareness of Hypoglycemia Using a Continuous Glucose Monitor

Adriana Boateng-Kuffour 1, Caitlin S Kelly 2, Huyen T Nguyen 2, Nanxin Li 3, Keval Chandarana 3, Katherine S Chapman 2, Liang Chen 3, Emilee M Cornelius 2, Wendy A Wolf 2, Beth Barber 3, William H Polonsky 4 Abstract Introduction: This study aimed to examine psychosocial well-being, quality of life (QoL), and productivity in people with type 1 diabetes (pwT1D) who were experiencing recurrent severe hypoglycemic events (SHEs) and impaired awareness of hypoglycemia (IAH), despite using continuous glucose monitors (CGMs). Methods: The

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Study protocol for a mobile app that delivers peer-led mental health support to adults with type 1 diabetes: The REACHOUT randomized wait-list controlled trial

Tricia S Tang 1, Gerri Klein 2, Lawrence Fisher 3, Jennifer C Davis 4, Linda Li 5, Matthias Görges 6, Jane Yardley 7, William H Polonsky 8, Danielle Hessler 9, Deanne Taylor 10, Akshay Jain 11, Joel Singer 12, Logan McLean 13, Tara Klassen 14 Abstract Peer support and digital technology are two promising strategies to address psychosocial needs in type 1 diabetes (T1D). REACHOUT is a mobile app designed to deliver peer-led mental health support to adults with T1D living in British Columbia. This report describes

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How CGM Use in Adults With Type 2 Diabetes Leads to Glycemic Benefits: The Role of Medication and Behaviour Change

William H Polonsky 1, Taylor L Clark 1, Emily C Soriano 2, Andrew Edgington 3, Cameron M Bennett 4, Amy E Fox 4, Thomas Grace 5 Abstract Introduction: Although continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) in adults with type 2 diabetes (T2D) has known glycemic benefits, the underlying behavioural and psychosocial processes driving these outcomes remain poorly understood. We examined how CGM influences patient-reported outcomes and whether changes in those outcomes predict glycemic improvement. Research design

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The Lived Experiences of Adult Continuous Glucose Monitor Users with Type 1 Diabetes with Recurrent Severe Hypoglycemic Events and Impaired Awareness of Hypoglycemia: A Qualitative Study

Adriana Boateng-Kuffour 1, Caitlin S Kelly 2, Huyen T Nguyen 2, Keval Chandarana 3, Katherine S Chapman 2, Liang Chen 3, Emilee M Cornelius 2, Wendy A Wolf 2, William H Polonsky 4 Abstract Introduction: Although type 1 diabetes (T1D) technology has improved health outcomes for many, some people continue to experience severe hypoglycemic events (SHEs). This study reviews the history of SHEs and impaired awareness of hypoglycemia (IAH) compound risk for future SHEs, and describes the lived

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From Language Matters to Stigma-Free Communication in Diabetes: Evolution, Challenges, and Next Steps.

Elizabeth Holmes-Truscott, Emmanuel Ekpor, Eloise Litterbach, Renza Scibilia, Partha Kar, Jane K Dickinson, Susan Guzman, Matthew Garza, Mariam Asaad, Mark T U Barone, Chitra Selvan, Tejal Lathia, Amy McInerney, Peter Senior, Timothy Skinner, Jane Speight © 2026 The Author(s). Diabetic Medicine published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Diabetes UK. Abstract Language profoundly shapes how diabetes is perceived, experienced and managed, with the potential to perpetuate stigma or promote dignity and respect.

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Insulin Pen Needle Reuse in U.S. Adults with Diabetes: A Cross-Sectional Survey Study on Patterns, Motivations, and Educational Implications

Susan Guzman · Natalie Bellini · Lucille Hughes · Pasha Javadi ·Camilla Schanche · Maria Muccioli · Lori Berard Received: December 1, 2025 / Accepted: January 12, 2026 © The Author(s) 2026 Abstract Introduction: Effective insulin therapy relies on proper injection technique and the correct use of insulin delivery devices. Despite recommendations for a single-use device, the pen needle reuse

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The Potential of Inhaled Insulin Therapy in Overcoming Treatment Barriers in People with Insulin-Treated Diabetes

Korey K Hood, William H Polonsky Abstract Barriers to insulin therapy remain a critical challenge for individuals with insulin-treated diabetes, contributing to suboptimal clinical outcomes. The Afrezza® inhaled insulin system, with Technosphere® insulin (TI), is a promising alternative to subcutaneous insulin injections, offering a rapid pharmacokinetic profile and ease of use. Clinical studies demonstrate comparable HbA1c reductions, fewer hypoglycemic events, and

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How CGM Boosts Self-Efficacy, Engagement With Self-Management, and Clinical Outcomes in Adults With Type 2 Diabetes: A Mixed-Methods Study

Authors: Emily C. Soriano, William Polonsky, Taylor L. Clark, Mariya Chichmarenko, Haley Sandoval, Alessandra Bastian, Addie L. Fortmann , Andrew Kwist, Fleur Levrat-Guillen Abstract OBJECTIVE Continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) improves type 2 diabetes (T2D) outcomes, but how this is achieved remains unclear. We explored how CGM affects diabetes-related attitudes and behavior, and whether these changes are associated with engagement in self-management

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Does Continuous Glucose Monitoring Use Prompt Greater Engagement in Self-Management? A Randomized Controlled Trial Focusing on Adults With Type 2 Diabetes

Authors: William H Polonsky, Emily C Soriano, Fleur Levrat-Guillen, Mariya Chichmarenko, Haley Sandoval, Alessandra Bastian, Addie L Fortmann, Andrew Kwist, Michael Vallis Abstract Background: Continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) promotes glycemic benefits in adults with type 2 diabetes (T2D), including insulin users as well as noninsulin users, often with minimal professional support. To investigate whether these benefits may stem from increased user engagement in self-management, we conducted a randomized controlled

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Beyond the Trend Arrow: Potential Value of Artificial Intelligence-Supported Glucose Predictions for People with Type 1 Diabetes Using Continuous Glucose Monitoring Systems

Authors: Sufyan Hussain, William Polonsky,  Renza Scibilia, Timor Glatzer  Abstract Advances in diabetes technologies such as continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) have provided significant opportunities to improve glycemic and quality-of-life outcomes for people with type 1 diabetes (T1D). The ambulatory glucose profile and the introduction of glucose thresholds helped a lot to identify patterns, which was the first step toward improving hyper-and hypoglycemia

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BDI Monthly Events

June 5-8
June 5-8ADA Scientific Sessions
June 5 - 8: It will be a busy time at the American Diabetes Association’s 85th Scientific Sessions (New Orleans, LA), with new projects to be developed, old friends to see, and much to learn. Dr. Polonsky, BDI President, will serve a co-author on four poster presentations
June 10
June 10Case Consultation
May 13: BDI hosts the San Diego-wide, monthly case consultation meeting (for mental health professionals working in the field of diabetes). Contact us at [email protected] if you are in the greater San Diego area and would like further information about this program.
August 14-16
August 14-16ONE 2026
August 14 - 16. Taking Control of Your Diabetes (TCOYD) will be hosting the in-person ONE event, an amazing weekend experience here in San Diego for more than 500 people with type 1 diabetes and their loved ones. Dr. Polonsky is honored to be one of the presenters, and we will hope to see many of you there. There are still a few spaces left, so if you’d like to know more, please visit
October 24
October 24CME Workshop
On October 24, BDI will host a live, one-day, CME workshop: Engaging the Disengaged: Innovative Strategies for Promoting Behavior Change in Diabetes. Run by Dr. Polonsky (BDI President) and Dr. Guzman (BDI Clinic Director), Participants will deepen their skills in recognizing and addressing common barriers to effective self-care and cardiometabolic medication initiation and maintenance, while fostering respectful, stigma-free clinical encounters.

Publications

BDI along with colleagues in the field of diabetes health and mental well being are continuously working on research projects

Read More