Authors: W H Polonsky, A L Fortmann
Abstract
Aims: To investigate the impact of time in range (TIR) on mood in adults with type 1 diabetes (T1D).
Methods: We followed a cohort of 219 T1D adults, all currently employing a real-time continuous glucose monitoring system (RT-CGM), to investigate how daily changes in CGM metrics were associated with nightly reports of positive and negative mood over a two-week period.
Results: Greater daily %TIR (70-180 mg/dL) and less time in “severe” hyperglycemia (% time above range (TAR) > 300 mg/dL) were both significantly associated with higher ratings on all positive mood elements and lower ratings on most negative mood elements (all ps < 0.05). When entered together as predictors, %TIR but not %TAR >300 emerged as an independent predictor of many of the positive and negative mood variables. Neither daily changes in time spent in hypoglycemia (< 70 mg/dL) nor glycemic variability (represented by the coefficient of variation) were significantly related to reported mood.
Conclusions: This study provides the first evidence that time in range (%TIR) is associated with, and likely enhances, daily mood. Consistent with previous studies, we also found that more time spent in “severe” hyperglycemia is linked to more negative mood.